On June 23, 2023, the U.S. Supreme Court overturned a 20-year precedent in two lawsuits: Students for Fair Admissions v. President and Fellows of Harvard College and Students for Fair Admissions v. University of North Carolina (SFFA v. Harvard/UNC). These lawsuits challenged race-based admission policies. Justice Roberts, authoring the majority opinion, insisted that race cannot be a deciding factor in university admissions, but did not exclude considering an applicant’s racial experiences if tied to unique character traits or abilities. He emphasized that the Fourteenth Amendment’s Equal Protection Clause applies to everyone, irrespective of race, color, or nationality. Justice Roberts critiqued the affirmative action programs for their lack of clear objectives, negative racial implications, and racial stereotyping, concluding, “We have never allowed admissions programs to function this way, and we won’t begin today.”